MySQL Cheat Sheet
Here’s a page that’s just too useful not to mirror, some cat named Neal Parikh has a page he calls a MySQL Cheat Sheet; click that link for the latest revision, or read more for my mirrored copy for reference. When I have to do DB work outside of what I usually do day-to-day I hit Google for some tutorials, so having this as a reference will be helpful in the future.
Selecting a database:
mysql> USE database db_name;Listing databases:
mysql> SHOW DATABASES;Listing tables in a db:
mysql> SHOW TABLES;Describing the format of a table:
mysql> DESCRIBE table;Creating a database:
mysql> CREATE DATABASE db_name;Creating a table:
mysql> CREATE TABLE table_name (field1_name TYPE(SIZE), field2_name TYPE(SIZE));Ex: mysql> CREATE TABLE pet (name VARCHAR(20), sex CHAR(1), birth DATE);
Load tab-delimited data into a table:
mysql> LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE "infile.txt" INTO TABLE table_name;(Use \n for NULL)
Inserting one row at a time:
mysql> INSERT INTO table_name VALUES ('MyName', 'MyOwner', '2002-08-31');(Use NULL for NULL)
Retrieving information (general):
mysql> SELECT from_columns FROM table WHERE conditions;
All values: SELECT * FROM table;
Some values: SELECT * FROM table WHERE rec_name = "value";
Multiple critera: SELECT * FROM TABLE WHERE rec1 = "value1" AND rec2 = "value2";Reloading a new data set into existing table:
mysql> SET AUTOCOMMIT=1; # used for quick recreation of table
mysql> DELETE FROM pet;
mysql> LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE "infile.txt" INTO TABLE table;Fixing just one record:
mysql> UPDATE table SET value = "new_value" WHERE record_name = "value";Selecting specific columns:
mysql> SELECT column_name FROM table;Retrieving unique output records:
mysql> SELECT DISTINCT column_name FROM table;Sorting:
mysql> SELECT col1, col2 FROM table ORDER BY col2;
Backwards: SELECT col1, col2 FROM table ORDER BY col2 DESC;Date calculations:
mysql> SELECT CURRENT_DATE, (YEAR(CURRENT_DATE)-YEAR(date_col)) AS time_diff [FROM table];
MONTH(some_date) extracts the month value and DAYOFMONTH() extracts day.Pattern Matching:
mysql> SELECT * FROM table WHERE rec LIKE "blah%";(% is wildcard - arbitrary # of chars)
Find 5-char values: SELECT * FROM table WHERE rec like ”_”;
(_ is any single character)
Extended Regular Expression Matching:
mysql> SELECT * FROM table WHERE rec RLIKE "^b$";(. for char, […] for char class, * for 0 or more instances
^ for beginning, {n} for repeat n times, and $ for end)
(RLIKE or REGEXP)
To force case-sensitivity, use “REGEXP BINARY”
Counting Rows:
mysql> SELECT COUNT(*) FROM table;Grouping with Counting:
mysql> SELECT owner, COUNT(*) FROM table GROUP BY owner;(GROUP BY groups together all records for each ‘owner’)
Selecting from multiple tables:
mysql> SELECT pet.name, comment FROM pet, event WHERE pet.name = event.name;(You can join a table to itself to compare by using ‘AS’)
Currently selected database:
mysql> SELECT DATABASE();Maximum value:
mysql> SELECT MAX(col_name) AS label FROM table;Auto-incrementing rows:
mysql> CREATE TABLE table (number INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, name CHAR(10) NOT NULL);
mysql> INSERT INTO table (name) VALUES ("tom"),("dick"),("harry");Adding a column to an already-created table:
mysql> ALTER TABLE tbl ADD COLUMN [column_create syntax] AFTER col_name;Removing a column:
mysql> ALTER TABLE tbl DROP COLUMN col;(Full ALTER TABLE syntax available at mysql.com.)
Batch mode (feeding in a script):
# mysql -u user -p < batch_file(Use -t for nice table layout and -vvv for command echoing.)
Alternatively:
mysql> source batch_file;
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